diff --git a/include/gp/enveloppe/cbor.hpp b/include/gp/enveloppe/cbor.hpp
index f223c80..0f511da 100644
--- a/include/gp/enveloppe/cbor.hpp
+++ b/include/gp/enveloppe/cbor.hpp
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <gp/variant.hpp>
+#include <gp/pair.hpp>
 #include <gp/optional.hpp>
+#include <gp/variant.hpp>
 #include <gp/vector.hpp>
-#include <gp/pair.hpp>
 
 
 namespace gp {
@@ -71,16 +71,60 @@ namespace gp {
 		double
 	>; 
 
-	struct undefined_t{};
+	struct undefined_t final {};
 
-	class cbor_value : public gp::fixed_variant<
+	template<typename T>
+	using cbor_composite = gp::fixed_variant<
 		cbor_number,
 		gp::buffer<std::byte>,
 		bool,
-		gp::vector<cbor_value>,
-		gp::vector<gp::pair<cbor_value, cbor_value>>,
+		gp::vector<T>,
+		gp::vector<gp::pair<T, T>>,
 		gp::nullopt_t,
 		undefined_t,
 		cbor_floating_point
-	>{};
+	>;
+
+	class cbor_value {
+
+		cbor_composite<cbor_value> contents;
+		gp::reference_wrapper<allocator> alloc;
+	public:
+
+		cbor_value(allocator& alloc_v)
+		: contents(cbor_composite<cbor_value>(undefined_t{}))
+		, alloc(alloc_v)
+		{}
+
+		cbor_value(cbor_number number, allocator& alloc_v)
+		: contents(number)
+		, alloc(alloc_v)
+		{}
+
+		cbor_value& operator=(cbor_value& value) {
+			contents = value.contents;
+			alloc = value.alloc;
+			return *this;
+		}
+
+		cbor_value& operator=(cbor_value&& value) {
+			gp::swap(contents, value.contents);
+			gp::swap(alloc, value.alloc);
+			return *this;
+		}
+
+		cbor_value& operator=(cbor_composite<cbor_value>& value) {
+			contents = value;
+			return *this;
+		}
+
+
+		auto new_array() {
+			return gp::vector<cbor_value>{alloc};
+		}
+
+		auto new_object() {
+			return gp::vector<gp::pair<cbor_value, cbor_value>>{alloc};
+		}
+	};
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/include/gp/function.hpp b/include/gp/function.hpp
index 3bb41a6..e60e6a6 100644
--- a/include/gp/function.hpp
+++ b/include/gp/function.hpp
@@ -5,8 +5,18 @@
 #include "gp/algorithm/move.hpp"
 #include "gp/algorithm/tmp_manip.hpp"
 #include "gp/allocator/allocator.hpp"
+#include "gp/optional.hpp"
 
 namespace gp{
+
+	namespace details {
+		template<typename pred, typename returner>
+		auto ensure(pred a, returner b) {
+			gp_config::assertion(a(), "could not ensure predicate");
+			return b();
+		}
+	}
+
 	template <typename fn>
 	class function;
 
@@ -17,7 +27,7 @@ namespace gp{
 		using invoke_fn_t = ret (*)(fn_ptr, args&&...);
 		using condestruct_fn_t = void (*) (fn_ptr, fn_ptr);
 
-		gp::reference_wrapper<allocator> alloc;
+		gp::optional<gp::reference_wrapper<allocator>> alloc;
 		invoke_fn_t invokator;
 		condestruct_fn_t condestructor;
 		fn_ptr data_ptr;
@@ -45,10 +55,10 @@ namespace gp{
 	public:
 #pragma clang diagnostic push
 #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wnull-dereference"
-#pragma gcc diagnostic push
-#pragma gcc diagnostic ignored "-Wnull-dereference"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wnull-dereference"
 		function(allocator& alloc_v)
-#pragma gcc pop
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 #pragma clang diagnostic pop
 		: alloc(alloc_v)
 		, invokator(nullptr)
@@ -62,54 +72,98 @@ namespace gp{
 		: alloc(alloc_v)
 		, invokator(reinterpret_cast<invoke_fn_t>(invoke<func>))
 		, condestructor(reinterpret_cast<condestruct_fn_t>(condestruct<func>))
-		, data_ptr((char*)(alloc.get().allocate(sizeof(func))))
-		, data_size(sizeof(func))
+		, data_ptr(
+			sizeof(func) <= sizeof(data_ptr) 
+			? 0 
+			: details::ensure(
+				[&](){return alloc.has_value();}, 
+				[&](){return (char*)(alloc.value().get().allocate(sizeof(func)));}
+			)
+		)
+		, data_size(
+			sizeof(func) <= sizeof(data_ptr) 
+			? 0 
+			: sizeof(func)
+		)
 		{
-			gp_config::assertion(data_ptr != nullptr, "allocator failed in function");
-			if(data_ptr != nullptr) this->condestructor(data_ptr, reinterpret_cast<char*>(&f));
+			gp_config::assertion(!(alloc.has_value() && data_ptr == nullptr), "allocator failed in function");
+			if(data_ptr != nullptr) this->condestructor(data_size < sizeof(data_ptr) ? (char*)&data_ptr : data_ptr, reinterpret_cast<char*>(&f));
+		}
+
+		template<typename func>
+		function(func f, nullopt_t alloc_v = nullopt)
+		: alloc(alloc_v)
+		, invokator(reinterpret_cast<invoke_fn_t>(invoke<func>))
+		, condestructor(reinterpret_cast<condestruct_fn_t>(condestruct<func>))
+		, data_ptr(
+			sizeof(func) <= sizeof(data_ptr) 
+			? 0 
+			: details::ensure(
+				[&](){return alloc.has_value();}, 
+				[&](){return (char*)(alloc.value().get().allocate(sizeof(func)));}
+			)
+		)
+		, data_size(
+			sizeof(func) <= sizeof(data_ptr) 
+			? 0 
+			: sizeof(func)
+		)
+		{
+			gp_config::assertion(!(alloc.has_value() && data_ptr == nullptr), "allocator failed in function");
+			if(data_ptr != nullptr) this->condestructor(data_size < sizeof(data_ptr) ? (char*)&data_ptr : data_ptr, reinterpret_cast<char*>(&f));
 		}
 
 		function(function const& rhs)
 		: alloc(rhs.alloc)
 		, invokator(rhs.invokator)
 		, condestructor(rhs.condestructor)
-		, data_ptr(rhs.data_size != 0 ? (char*)(alloc.get().allocate(rhs.data_size)) : nullptr)
+		, data_ptr(
+			rhs.data_size <= sizeof(data_ptr) 
+			? 0 
+			: details::ensure(
+				[&](){return alloc.has_value();}, 
+				[&](){return (char*)(alloc.value().get().allocate(rhs.data_size));}
+			)
+		)
 		, data_size(rhs.data_size)
 		{
-			gp_config::assertion(data_ptr != nullptr, "allocator failed in function");
+			gp_config::assertion(!(alloc.has_value() && data_ptr == nullptr), "allocator failed in function");
 			if(
 				data_ptr != nullptr
 				and rhs.data_ptr != nullptr
-			) this->condestructor(data_ptr, rhs.data_ptr);
+			) this->condestructor(data_size <= sizeof(data_ptr) ? (char*)&data_ptr : data_ptr, rhs.data_ptr);
 		}
 
 		function(function&& rhs)
 		: alloc(rhs.alloc)
 		, invokator(rhs.invokator)
 		, condestructor(rhs.condestructor)
-		, data_ptr(rhs.data_ptr)
+		, data_ptr(data_size <= sizeof(data_ptr) ? 0 : rhs.data_ptr)
 		, data_size(rhs.data_size)
 		{
+			if(data_size <= sizeof(data_ptr) && data_size != 0 && data_ptr != nullptr && alloc.has_value()) {
+				condestructor((char*)&data_ptr, (char*)&rhs.data_ptr);
+				condestructor(nullptr, (char*)&rhs.data_ptr);
+			}
 			rhs.data_ptr = nullptr;
 		}
 
-		constexpr function(ret(*fn)(args...), allocator alloc_v) 
-		: alloc(alloc_v)
-		, invokator(reinterpret_cast<invoke_fn_t>(invoke<ret(args...)>))
-		, condestructor(nop_condestruct)
-		, data_ptr(reinterpret_cast<char*>(fn))
-		, data_size(0)
-		{}
-
 		~function(){
 			if(data_size == 0) {
 				return;
 			}
-			if(data_ptr != nullptr) {
+			if(data_size <= 0) {
+				return;
+			}
+			if(data_ptr != nullptr && alloc.has_value()) {
 				condestructor(nullptr, data_ptr);
-				alloc.get().deallocate(data_ptr);
+				alloc.value().get().deallocate(data_ptr);
 				data_ptr = nullptr;
 			}
+			if(data_size < sizeof(data_ptr))
+			{
+				condestructor(nullptr, (char*)&data_ptr);
+			}
 		}
 
 		function& operator=(function&& rhs) {
@@ -121,6 +175,28 @@ namespace gp{
 			return *this;
 		}
 
+		function& operator=(function& rhs) {
+			alloc = rhs.alloc;
+			invokator = rhs.invokator;
+			condestructor = rhs.condestructor;
+			condestructor(nullptr, data_ptr);
+			alloc.value().get().deallocate(data_ptr);
+			data_ptr = rhs.data_size <= sizeof(data_ptr) 
+				? 0 
+				: details::ensure(
+					[&](){return alloc.has_value();}, 
+					[&](){return (char*)(alloc.value().get().allocate(rhs.data_size));}
+				);
+			
+			data_size = rhs.data_size;
+			gp_config::assertion(!(alloc.has_value() && data_ptr == nullptr), "allocator failed in function");
+			if(
+				data_ptr != nullptr
+				and rhs.data_ptr != nullptr
+			) this->condestructor(data_size <= sizeof(data_ptr) ? (char*)&data_ptr : data_ptr, rhs.data_ptr);
+			return *this;
+		}
+
 		ret operator()(args&&... argv) {
 			return invokator(data_ptr, gp::forward<args>(argv)...);
 		}
diff --git a/include/gp/optional.hpp b/include/gp/optional.hpp
index fabf45b..7044bda 100644
--- a/include/gp/optional.hpp
+++ b/include/gp/optional.hpp
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@
 #include <new>
 
 namespace gp{
-	struct nullopt_t{};
+	struct nullopt_t final{};
 
 	constexpr nullopt_t nullopt;
 
 	template<typename T>
-	class optional{
+	class optional final{
 		bool ready = false;
 		char buffer[sizeof(T)];
 	public:
diff --git a/include/gp/variant.hpp b/include/gp/variant.hpp
index 8fe9986..51a3b0a 100644
--- a/include/gp/variant.hpp
+++ b/include/gp/variant.hpp
@@ -15,26 +15,41 @@
 namespace gp{
 
 	template<typename ...T>
-	class fixed_variant{
+	class fixed_variant final {
 		std::size_t index = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
 		char buffer[max_size<T...>()];
+		gp::function<void(void*, void*)> cpytor = [](void*, void*){};
+		gp::function<void(void*, void*)> mvtor = [](void*, void*){};
 		gp::function<void(void*)> dtor = [](void*){};
 		static_assert(all_of_fixed_size<T...>::value, "not fixed");
 	public:
-		template<typename U, typename std::enable_if<list_contains_class<U,T...>::value,int>::type>
+		template<typename U>//, typename std::enable_if<list_contains_class<U,T...>::value,int>::type>
 		constexpr fixed_variant(U& value)
 		: index{r_index_of<U, T...>::value}
 		{
 			new(buffer) U(value);
 			dtor = gp::function<void(void*)>([](void* thing){((U*)thing)->~U();});
+			cpytor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(*(U*)src);});
+			mvtor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(gp::move(*(U*)src));});
 		}
 
-		template<typename U, typename std::enable_if<list_contains_class<U,T...>::value,int>::type>
+		template<typename U>//, typename std::enable_if<list_contains_class<U,T...>::value,int>::type>
 		constexpr fixed_variant(U&& value)
 		: index{r_index_of<U, T...>::value}
 		{
 			new(buffer) U(std::move(value));
 			dtor = gp::function<void(void*)>([](void* thing){((U*)thing)->~U();});
+			cpytor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(*(U*)src);});
+			mvtor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(gp::move(*(U*)src));});
+		}
+
+		constexpr fixed_variant(fixed_variant& oth)
+		: index{oth.index}
+		, dtor{oth.dtor}
+		, cpytor{oth.cpytor}
+		, mvtor{oth.mvtor}
+		{
+			cpytor(oth.buffer, buffer);
 		}
 
 		template<typename U>
@@ -46,6 +61,18 @@ namespace gp{
 			return index;
 		}
 
+		void operator=(fixed_variant& value)
+		{
+			if(index != std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max())
+			{
+				dtor((void*)buffer);
+			}
+			index = value.index;
+			cpytor = value.cpytor;
+			dtor = value.dtor;
+			mvtor(value.buffer, buffer);
+		}
+
 		template<typename U, typename std::enable_if<list_contains_class<U,T...>::value,int>::type>
 		void operator=(U& value)
 		{
@@ -56,6 +83,8 @@ namespace gp{
 			index = r_index_of<U, T...>::value;
 			new(buffer) U(value);
 			dtor = gp::function([](void* thing){((U*)thing)->~U();});
+			cpytor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(*(U*)src);});
+			mvtor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(gp::move(*(U*)src));});
 		}
 
 		template<typename U, typename std::enable_if<list_contains_class<U,T...>::value,int>::type>
@@ -68,6 +97,8 @@ namespace gp{
 			index = r_index_of<U, T...>::value;
 			new(buffer) U(std::move(value));
 			dtor = gp::function([](void* thing){((U*)thing)->~U();});
+			cpytor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(*(U*)src);});
+			mvtor = gp::function<void(void*, void*)>([](void* src, void* dest){new(dest) U(gp::move(*(U*)src));});
 		}
 
 		~fixed_variant()
diff --git a/include/gp/vector.hpp b/include/gp/vector.hpp
index 10c6779..02e2c34 100644
--- a/include/gp/vector.hpp
+++ b/include/gp/vector.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 namespace gp{
 	template<typename T>
-	class vector{
+	class vector final {
 		T* ary;
 		size_t sz;
 		size_t cap;
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ namespace gp{
 			if(ary)
 			{
 				for(auto& elem : *this) {
-					elem->~T();
+					elem.~T();
 				}
 				gp_config::assertion(alloc.get().deallocate(ary), "could not deallocate");
 			}
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@ namespace gp{
 
 			if(alloc.get().try_reallocate(ary, new_data_size)) return true;
 
-			if(T* new_ary = alloc.get().allocate(new_data_size); new_ary) {
+			if(T* new_ary = (T*)alloc.get().allocate(new_data_size); new_ary) {
 				auto new_it = new_ary;
-				for(auto* elem : *this) {
-					++new_it = gp::move(elem);
+				for(auto& elem : *this) {
+					*(++new_it) = gp::move(elem);
 				}
 
 				gp_config::assertion(alloc.get().deallocate(ary), "failed to deallocate old range");
diff --git a/tests.cpp b/tests.cpp
index d1c7fbb..eac275a 100644
--- a/tests.cpp
+++ b/tests.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include "allocator.hpp"
 #include "bloomfilter.cpp"
+#include "cbor_test.cpp"
 #include "gp_test.cpp"
 #include "math.cpp"
 #include "meta_test.cpp"
diff --git a/tests/cbor_test.cpp b/tests/cbor_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7deedf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cbor_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+#include <gp/allocator/arena.hpp>
+#include <gp/array.hpp>
+#include <gp/enveloppe/cbor.hpp>
+#include "test_scaffold.h"
+
+struct cbor_test : public test_scaffold {
+	cbor_test() {
+		name = __FILE__ ":1";
+	}
+
+	virtual int run() {
+		gp::array<char, 4096> store;
+		gp::arena alloc{&*store.begin(), store.size()};
+		gp::cbor_value data{alloc};
+		auto gen = data.new_object();
+		gen.emplace_back(uint8_t(12), int32_t(-98));
+		gen.emplace_back(uint8_t(13), uint32_t(98));
+		return 0;
+	}
+};
+
+append_test dummy_pg5zhr8bv(new cbor_test{});
\ No newline at end of file